Combination of Marker-Assisted Backcross Selection of Yr59 and Phenotypic Selection to Improve Stripe Rust Resistance and Agronomic Performance in Four Elite Wheat Cultivars

In this study, we successfully introgressed and validated Yr59 into four elite wheat cultivars, Jimai 22, Chuanmai 42, Zhengmai 9023 Xinmai 26 through marker-assisted backcross selection. Used as female parents, these cultivars were crossed with line PI 660061 (Yr59). After two backcrosses selection, the progenies selfed advanced to BC2F4 generation. A total of 123 lines selected based on agronomic traits stripe rust resistance, their BC2F5 BC2F6 further evaluated for resistance traits. Seven markers linked relevant genes, including Xbarc32, Xwgp5175, Xwmc557 Xcfa2040 Yr59; Xwmc658 YrJ22; WE173 Xbarc181 Yr26, used genotype breeding lines. 109 introgression positive identified trait evaluation. Finally, 16 had higher levels rust, similar or superior compared parents obtained. These can be released new various regions after regional tests also stocks programs develop adequate durable rust.